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Canada's economy shrank for the first time this year in August

Written By Unknown on Jumat, 31 Oktober 2014 | 22.40

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Canada's economy contracted for the first time this year in August. (Norm Betts/Bloomberg)

Canada's gross domestic product shrank for the first time in eight months in August, contracting 0.1 per cent as a small expansion in services wasn't enough to offset a drop-off in sectors that produce goods.

Statistics Canada said Friday that the oil and gas sector declined, as did manufacturing. Utilities expanded, as did the public sector, wholesale trade and the finance and insurance sectors.

"The good news, such as it is, is that the weakness was largely due to a pullback in oil & gas," BMO economist Doug Porter said of the numbers, "and the rest of the economy is still plugging ahead."

Canada's economy had expanded in each of the first six months of the year, before a flat showing in July and slight contraction in August. In both July and August, the weak performance was less than what economists had been expecting — and makes September's number even more important to see if the sudden weakness becomes a worrying trend.

"This means that the outlook for Canadian GDP in Q3 is mediocre," Scotiabank said. "Even a very strong bounce in September in the area of 0.5 per cent would only get GDP by industry up to 2 per cent," the bank said, speaking of the quarter as a whole.

"The Canadian economy pretty much took the summer off," Porter noted.


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Some Air Canada staff hate the new carry-on bag policy as much as you do

It's been a month since Air Canada launched its carry-on crackdown where customer service agents stop and confront travellers at check-in to ensure their cabin bags meet size limits. Bags that don't make the cut now must be checked.

The move has made some passengers hostile. And a number of agents find crackdown duty so unpleasant, they don't want to do it, according to Air Canada service agent and union representative, Sheila Fardy.

And it may be about to get worse. This Sunday, Air Canada starts charging $25 for the first checked bag for domestic economy-class travel.

Fardy says Unifor, the union representing the agents, has asked the airline to recruit only willing volunteers to do the job which she describes as "horrible." She says, generally, agents get to "bid" on customer service shifts with the most senior staff getting priority. But, so far, she adds, Air Canada won't let workers have a choice in whether or not they are tasked with inspecting carry-on bags. Consequently, says Fardy, the union "will grieve it unless we can come to a solution."

The crackdown has upset and even angered some passengers. "You have a lot of unhappy customers today," a distressed traveller informed a stoic Air Canada agent after she learned her bag — which she'd taken on board for years — didn't meet airline requirements and had to be checked.

Hard to cope

"Some agents are having quite a difficult time with [the job]," says Fardy, who works at Toronto's Pearson airport — the first airport to tackle the crackdown.

'Some passengers have been quite abusive'- Sheila Fardy, Air Canada service agent and union rep.

"Some passengers have been quite abusive," she says. "Passengers can be quite aggressive and swearing and stuff like that."

As a lead agent, Fardy says colleagues have complained to her about the gig: "I've had people walk up to me and say, 'Sheila, I've been doing this for four hours, get me the frig out of here.'"

"People push by them, are rude, they invariably give you a list of all the other times I brought that [bag] on board an aircraft," adds Fardy. She notes that most passengers are pleasant and co-operative but "the bad five per cent can make for a difficult day."

Looking for volunteers

Fardy believes allowing workers to bid on the job would solve the problem. She says more junior staff would volunteer for the gig because they don't have much say in their shifts and signing up for the job would give them more stability.

"Somebody with two years who doesn't have enough seniority to do anything, they'll take it," explains Fardy. And, she adds, everyone benefits because "if somebody chooses it, they'll at least know what they're in for. They'll be less resentful."

Air Canada says, so far, the crackdown has been "highly effective. We have had a great deal of positive feedback from customers who appreciate that [airline overhead bin] space is being apportioned more equitably," says spokesperson, Peter Fitzpatrick.

CBC News repeatedly asked Fitzpatrick for a comment about the union's request to allow workers to choose if they want to police carry-on bags. We did not receive a response in time for publication of this story. 

Why the anger?

Aviation analyst Fred Lazar says Air Canada's crackdown has sparked passenger anger because the airline hasn't consistently enforced its carry-on limits in the past, so some travellers are taken by surprise. "Basically [the airline has] looked the other way and front-line employees are [now] going to be the brunt of the resentment by passengers."

But Lazar believes Air Canada will continue its crackdown and, in six to nine months, "most [passengers] will become accepting of it and the hostility will die down."

However, the York University professor predicts heightened short-term hostilities starting this Sunday when the airline starts charging the new $25 checked bag fee. That means some travellers with carry-on that exceeds the size limits will also be hit with an extra charge. WestJet began charging a similar fee on Thursday.

Lazar estimates the checked bag charge will generate tens of millions of dollars in extra revenue for Air Canada. He suggests the airline could appease disgruntled front-line employees by offering them a portion of the profits: "They should somehow share in the additional revenue that should be generated when passengers are forced to check in and pay for carry-ons."


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Banks, credit card firms agree to cut fees charged to retailers

Canada's major banks and credit card companies have reached a deal with the federal government to cut the fees charged to merchants for credit transactions, sources familiar with the negotiations say.

The voluntary agreement could mean cost savings for up to 700,000 large, medium-sized and small businesses across the country. However, it remains to be seen whether the cuts will translate into savings for consumers.

The deal will result in lower interchange fees charged to retailers and service providers for using credit cards to complete direct transactions, said sources speaking on condition of anonymity because they weren't authorized to discuss the matter publicly. The fees would then be capped for an unspecified period of time.

The agreement comes after years of back-and-forth among retailers, the federal government, banks, credit card companies and the Competition Tribunal. Interchange fees currently range between $1.50 and $3 or more for every $100 worth of transactions, depending on the credit card.

Sources said the voluntary agreement gives price stability to retailers.

Karl Littler, vice-president of the Retail Council of Canada, said merchants would be happy with a self-policing deal.

In an interview with CBC's The Exchange with Amanda Lang, Littler said the cost of interchange fees is pushing up prices for consumers.

"Our issue is the overall cost has been driven up by the profusion of premium cards and now super- premium cards in the mix," he said.

"That's having a big, big effect. It's $5 billion in total fees, and interchange fees are the biggest portion — that's $4 billion a year. That's a lot of money that consumers are bearing in higher prices," he added.

Littler said the banks stand to lose the most from any deal to reduce fees, as they are the biggest beneficiaries.

"The credit cards do make some money — there is a network fee — but actually most of the money goes to the cardholder's bank," he said.

"So what happens is when somebody pays with a credit card, the merchant gets a discounted price and the discount is held by the cardholder's bank. The bank then pays out a certain amount of it in rewards … it's actually judged to be a very lucrative line of business for banks, even more than it is for credit card companies," Littler said.

The federal Competition Bureau came up with the estimate of $5 billion annually in credit card acceptance fees in 2010 and that figure has likely grown since.

There are roughly 76 million credit cards issued to Canadians, who use them to pay for about half their overall purchases. The Retail Council of Canada says high-cost premium cards have hurt merchants the most. It says a majority of the savings from recent interchange fee reductions in the U.S. were passed on to customers.


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Cliffs Resources officially closing Wabush Mines

The provincial government has been notified by Cliffs Natural Resources of the company's plans to officially close Wabush Mines in Labrador.

"We have all known for some time that the closure of the mine in Wabush was a possibility. However, this does not make it any easier for the workers of the mine and their families, as well as residents in the Labrador West area," Natural Resources Minister Derrick Dalley said in a statement on Friday. 

"Our government is aware of this and will continue to support those impacted."

Dalley said government will ensure Cliffs follows provincial legislation, and has a closure and rehabilitation plan in place.

In February, the company idled operations at the site, citing the rising cost of production at the iron ore mine.

MFC Industrial was in talks with Cliffs about the potential sale of the mine, but a spokesperson with MFC told CBC News discussions had been terminated earlier in October.

Roughly 500 workers employed at the site will be affected. Of the 50 employees still currently working at the mine, Cliffs said that number will be reduced to 10 before the end of the year.


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Bombardier's $3.4B Russian venture on hold amid sanctions

Bombardier is suspending negotiations on a $3.4-billion proposal to assemble turboprop aircraft in Russia due to the country's political situation and weak economy.

"We're not moving ahead because the conditions are not right at this point in time for a joint venture in Russia," president and CEO Pierre Beaudoin said Thursday during a conference to discuss the company's third-quarter results.

The Montreal-based train and aerospace concern was hoping to conclude negotiations this year with Russian's Rostec for the assembly of 100 Q400 regional jets.

The decision comes after Canada slapped sanctions against Russian individuals and entities, including government agencies, over Moscow's involvement in unrest in Ukraine.

Profit down on layoff costs

Bombardier said a reorganization announced in July that cut 2,900 aerospace and transportation employees caused its net profit to plunge by half to $74 million US in the quarter, despite a 20 per cent increase in revenues.

About 2,000 aerospace employees were laid off, above the company's earlier forecast for the elimination of 1,800 non-union administrative positions. An additional 900 transportation jobs were cut, about 100 less than originally planned.

The changes resulted in $63 million of additional expenses in the quarter, including $57 million for workforce reductions.

Over time, the changes are expected to boost earnings by $268 million a year — $200 million in the aerospace division and US$68 million in the transportation segment.

"In both groups, a new lighter structure will result in a more nimble organization which brings reduced costs and contributes to increased profitability," Beaudoin told analysts.

Revenue up 20%

Bombardier, reporting in U.S. dollars, earned $74 million US or three cents per share in the quarter ended Sept. 30, down from $147 million or eight cents per share in the third quarter of 2013.

Revenues were $4.9 billion, up from $4.1 billion a year earlier.

Excluding special items, Bombardier's adjusted net income rose by 35 per cent from a year earlier to US$222 million or 12 cents per share — beating analyst estimates by three cents per share.

Analysts had estimated nine cents per share of adjusted profit and 10 cents before adjustments with $4.8 billion of revenue, according to Thomson Reuters data.

Meanwhile, Bombardier said flight testing of the new CSeries commercial jet is progressing well, with 450 hours of flight tests now recorded, a 36 per cent increase since testing resumed Sept. 7, following a three month pause resulting from an engine failure. Flight hours are expected to accelerate as two flight test aircraft are added in the coming weeks, including the one damaged in the May incident during ground testing.

One year to go on CS100

The company continues to say the CS100 will enter into service in about a year. Employees hired to assemble the aircraft are expected to gradually be added, starting around the second quarter.

Analysts said the results were strong, but investors will be concerned about the use of free cash flow, which was $368 million, above their forecast of $184 million, but down from $522 million last year. About $180 million of the free cash flow was consumed by aerospace, $81 million by transportation and $107 million by income taxes and interest payments in this year's third quarter.

CS300

The first of the CSeries jets could be available by next year, Bombardier said. (Bombardier)

"With capital expenditures declining in the third quarter, we believe that Bombardier is moving in the right direction to improve its balance sheet and we would see any weakness as a buying opportunity," wrote Benoit Poirier of Desjardins Capital Markets.

In the third quarter, Bombardier Transportation, the rail division, generated $2.3 billion of revenue, up 12 per cent from $2.1 billion, excluding the impact of currency fluctuations. New orders totalled $1.1 billion, resulting in an order backlog of $34.5 billion as of Sept. 30, up from $32.4 billion as of Dec. 31, 2013.

Bombardier Aerospace revenue increased by 29 per cent to $2.6 billion from $2 billion. It delivered 71 aircraft, up from 45 in the same period a year before. It also received 76 additional orders, compared with 26 in the third quarter of fiscal 2013.

Critical of Quebec tax credit cut

For the first time in six quarters, Bombardier beat rival Gulfstream as the world's leading business jet manufacturer, according to the General Aviation Manufacturers Association. It delivered 45 aircraft for a value of US$1.72 billion, up from 36 planes worth US$1.38 billion last year. Gulfstream shipped 31 planes worth US$1.68 billion, down from 38 planes for nearly US$2 billion in the 2013 period.

Meanwhile, Beaudoin denounced Quebec's moves this year to reduce tax credits by 20 per cent, suggesting it might affect investment decisions by the major provincial employer and its suppliers.

"We believe that the tax credits towards the aerospace industry have tremendously contributed to our economy," he said in response to a media question.

"When you invest in programs and you want to remain competitive on the world market you have to see what the best place is to do the work."

Bombardier also said the company is looking at offering a lower-priced subway car to better compete in markets such as Latin America.


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'I'm proud to be gay,' Apple CEO Tim Cook says

Written By Unknown on Kamis, 30 Oktober 2014 | 22.40

Apple chief executive Tim Cook has come out of the closet.

The public declaration, in an essay written for Bloomberg Businessweek magazine, makes public what had been widely known in some corporate circles. And more importantly, it likely makes Cook the highest-profile gay person in corporate America.

"Plenty of colleagues at Apple know I'm gay, and it doesn't seem to make a difference in the way they treat me," Cook wrote. "Of course, I've had the good fortune to work at a company that loves creativity and innovation and knows it can only flourish when you embrace people's differences. Not everyone is so lucky."

Cook said that while he never denied his sexuality, he never publicly acknowledged it, either. Cook wrote in the column published Thursday that it wasn't an easy choice to publicly disclose that he is gay, but that he felt the acknowledgement could help others.

"I've come to realize that my desire for personal privacy has been holding me back from doing something more important," he wrote.

Three days ago, Cook spoke out publicly against his home state of Alabama to ensure the state take steps to ensure the rights of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community.

Alabama is among the states that do not recognize same-sex marriage, and it doesn't offer legal protections on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. Cook is a native of Robertsdale, Ala., and attended Auburn University.

"So let me be clear: I'm proud to be gay, and I consider being gay among the greatest gifts God has given me," Cook said.

Cook succeeded Apple founder Steve Jobs as chief executive officer of Apple Inc. in 2011.


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Voice calls during flights mulled by U.S.

Airline travel already has delays, cramped seating, luggage fees and expensive extras like, oh, sandwiches. Here's another potential irritation for that list: loud talkers on cellphones.

A U.S. Department of Transportation committee is examining the idea of allowing passengers to use cellphones for voice calls on commercial aircraft.

The advisory committee for aviation consumer protections met in Washington, D.C., Wednesday, where it heard from experts and stakeholders on the controversial issue.  

One of the first speakers was the Transportation Department's Robert Gorman, who told the committee the department got an earful when it first asked for public comment on the idea of removing the ban on voice calls.  

"Ninety-six to 98 per cent of [comments] were in favour of a ban. I would say 92 per cent of them were written in all caps. 'NOOOOOOO!'" said Gorman, as he mimed a furious tapping on an imaginary keyboard.  

"The average number of O's [in NO] was about 10," said Gorman.

No technical reason for ban

Cellphone use has been banned on airborne aircraft since 1991. The original concern involved potential interference with ground-based communication networks.   

That issue has since been overtaken by advances in technology.

These days, cellphones on airborne aircraft can send a lower-powered signal to a system on board the plane, which then sends that signal to a satellite or a dedicated ground network.  

Although passengers have been told for years in onboard announcements that cellphones could affect systems on the aircraft, the transportation official said that's not the case.

"Cellphones do not in fact interfere with the avionics systems, from a technical perspective, on airplanes," said Gorman. 

In October 2013, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration announced some new rules relaxing restrictions on handheld devices on planes. Passengers would be allowed to use their devices during all phases of the flight, including during take off and landings. Passengers would also be able to access Wi-Fi during flight, if the air carrier offered that service.

In May 2014, Transport Minister Lisa Raitt announced Canada would also allow handheld devices to be used at any time during flight, but said passengers would still be restricted from using Wi-Fi.

Both the U.S. and Canada maintained the ban on voice calls.

Who gets to choose?

Kevin Rogers, CEO of AeroMobile Communications Inc., a manufacturer of in-flight connectivity systems, said the absence of safety concerns regarding signal interference means airlines and consumers themselves should be the ones to decide whether voice calls are allowed on aircraft.

"Sitting in this [committee] room, you have the choice of Wi-Fi or cellphone coverage," said Rogers. "Airlines more and more believe it should be no different in the cabin of the airline."

Rogers said AeroMobile's system, which has passengers paying international roaming fees to their home operator, is currently being used by 13 airlines around the world, on 269 aircraft, and more than 500 flights daily.  

Access to voice calls is important to the business traveller, Rogers said. On transatlantic flights, usage is high during the day and low coming back at night, and the average voice call lasts two minutes, he said.

Rogers said passengers regulate themselves.

"There's a strong anecdotal belief that most of the voice service is used for what I call quiet voice: listening to voice mail and seeing the fact that you've had a missed call," Rogers said.  

Don't want to hear it

But many who work on airplanes are strongly opposed to the idea of voice calls.

"We've all had similar experience with an obtrusive caller in a grocery checkout line, a restaurant, or even on the airplane prior to departure," said Julie Frederick of the Association of Professional Flight Attendants.

Frederick told the committee that aircraft cabins are noisy and people already typically speak louder on mobile phones, which could make it harder for passengers to hear safety instructions and emergency announcements.

She pointed out that U.S. security officials have raised concerns that terrorists or other criminals could use air-to-ground communication to co-ordinate an attack.

And she said voice calls could lead to an increase in air rage.

"We believe there will be a spike in confrontation between passengers that will, in the end, create moments of chaos in the cabin," said Frederick.

"[Passengers] have told us loud and clear, that silence is golden."

If you have a consumer issue, contact Aaron Saltzman, CBC's senior reporter, consumer affairs 


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Transport Canada aware of deadly GM defect 8 months before recall

Transport Canada was aware of a potential problem with ignition switches in the Chevrolet Cobalt eight months before General Motors Canada issued a recall notice for the deadly defect, the fifth estate has learned.

General Motors has so far accepted 29 wrongful death claims related to the ignition switch failure in the U.S. and Canada. In all, it has received claims for more than 150 deaths.

One Canadian death has been linked to the defect. But an investigation by the fifth estate and Radio-Canada's Enquete reveals that the faulty GM ignition switch is being probed as the "probable explanation" of a second fatal crash that occurred in Quebec just over one month after the recall.

Canadian investigation

General Motors has acknowledged that a defect in the ignition switch in hundreds of thousands of its vehicles caused the ignition to inadvertently move from the "Run" to "Accessory" position, causing the vehicle to stall and preventing the airbag from deploying in a crash.

Transport Minister Lisa Raitt told Parliament last May that her department, "was not aware of an ignition switch issue prior to receiving its first notice from GM Canada" in February 2014.

But government documents, safety records and crash reports unearthed by the fifth estate and Enquete suggest that may not be accurate.

Dany Dubuc-Marquis

Dany Dubuc-Marquis, 23 (left), seen here with his mother, died in his Chevrolet Cobalt in June 2013 near Roxton Pond, QC.

Dany Dubuc-Marquis, 23, was killed on June 22, 2013, on a highway near Roxton Pond, Que., after his 2007 Chevy Cobalt left the road and slammed into some trees. The driver-side airbag in the Cobalt failed to deploy. 

GM has stated one of the 29 deaths linked to the ignition defect took place in Canada, but has never confirmed if it was the Dubuc-Marquis crash.

Dany's father, Normand Dubuc, had told Transport Canada his son had been drinking heavily with friends that night. But when he saw the fatal wreck, Dubuc also noticed something that troubled him.

"I told the police the airbags didn't deploy," Dubuc says in the exclusive CBC report. "There's something not normal with that. They also found it wasn't normal."

According to a Transport Canada investigation log obtained by the fifth estate and Enquete, the department opened an investigation three days after the crash — on June 25, 2013 — and soon discovered an issue with the ignition switch.

Ten days later, on July 4, the Transport Canada investigator at the Ecole Polytechnique in Montreal sent an internal email, "to verify if the fact the ignition switch was in Accessory position could have influenced anything with the non-deployment event."

Then on July 10 there was an internal telephone call, "to discuss the possible influence on the airbag system of the ignition switch in Accessory position," according to the Transport Canada logs.

Dany Dubuc-Marquis crash

Dany Dubuc-Marquis was killed in 2013 after his Chevy Cobalt left the highway and slammed into trees near Roxton Pond, Que.

The documents obtained by the fifth estate and Enquete through Access to Information show that Transport Canada eventually determined that at some point after Dubuc-Marquis's Cobalt left the road — but during what Transport Canada called "the collision event" — the ignition somehow moved from "Run"  to "Accessory."

Kash Ram, director general of road safety and motor vehicle regulation at Transport Canada, says the department looked into various reasons why the key in the ignition switch could have moved. 

"At the time it was reasonable to believe that one contributor could've been a bumping of the switch. We have seen that before in a number of cases," Ram told the fifth estate's Bob McKeown.

However, Transport Canada dropped its investigation into the Quebec crash that summer, and the Cobalt was sent to a scrap yard. It wasn't until after GM announced the recall in February 2014 that Transport Canada recovered the vehicle and further investigated the crash.

The fifth estate

Watch "The Switch from Hell" on CBC television's the fifth estate on Friday, Oct. 31 at 9 p.m. ET on CBC Television.

Raitt told CBC's Amanda Lang on Wednesday that her understanding was that investigators and Quebec police looked into the case and "after a while it was determined that perhaps there was something involved with the victim in terms of the airbag not deploying, or the ignition switch having an effect on that."

Raitt said that "our people did take a look" at the case and that there were "a number of other complaints, too, that are in the process of being investigated by Transport Canada."

She said all of that information would be used by local police investigating cases.

The fifth estate program describes how investigators in the United States who worked for the family of one of the crash victims in Georgia kept pursuing the connection between the ignition switch defect and the fatal accidents. They discovered that GM had secretly switched the defective part in new models of the cars without telling anyone.

Transport Canada apparently didn't pursue that angle.

A Quebec coroner's report released today confirms that the "deployment of the airbags was impossible" because Dubuc's car had a "defective ignition switch" that has shifted to the Accessory position.

But the coroner said Dubuc fell asleep at the wheel after drinking and was not wearing his seat belt. The Dubuc family has sharply criticized the report for not sufficiently taking into account "certain determining factors" including the deadly defect that potentially caused "the deaths and injuries of several hundreds of people in North America."

Public recall

As for exactly when GM Canada became aware of the defect, Raitt has told the House of Commons that, "we do not have information as to whether" GM Canada knew of the fatal defect before the public recall last February.

But the internal Transport Canada investigation documents obtained by the fifth estate and Enquete reveal that the federal regulator passed on details of the Dubuc-Marquis investigation to General Motors in October 2013 — five months before the recall.

GM ignition switch

An ignition-switch column from one of GM's Chevrolet Cobalts. (CBC)

GM Canada CEO Kevin Williams declined the fifth estate's interview request.

In a written response, GM Canada said it, "participated in company meetings in mid-December 2013, when the ignition switch issue was raised" — two months before the recall was announced.

What's more, in 2005 GM in the U.S. and Canada issued a service bulletin to dealers informing them that the ignition key in vehicles including the Chevy Cobalt, Saturn Ion and the Pontiac Pursuit could be inadvertently rotated out of the "Run" to the "Accessory" position.  

The Pursuit was a vehicle only sold in Canada, so GM Canada had to know about the problem. But at the time GM didn't view the issue as a safety defect, and so consumers and regulators were never informed.

Lisa Raitt

Transport Minister Lisa Raitt told Parliament that her department, "was not aware of an ignition switch issue prior to receiving its first notice from GM Canada" in February 2014. (Canadian Press)

In the U.S., the government can order a recall of dangerous vehicles, but Transport Canada does not have that power — it can only request that companies do so and take them to court if they don't.

"I think that's an issue we are struggling with right now," Raitt told CBC Wednesday. ""Of course auto companies don't want ministers to have those kinds of powers."

Raitt said it's an area her department is looking into in an effort to better protect the "safety and security" of Canadians. She said she expected to talk more about the issue in the weeks ahead but offered no specifics on what changes might be coming.

"The problem is that in North America safety is not job No. 1 for any of the car companies, and any of the regulatory agencies here in the U.S. or Canada are not up to the job of policing the auto industry," says Clarence Ditlow of the U.S. Center for Auto Safety.

"And when it comes to recalls, it looks like Canada is a hand-me-down country."


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Income-splitting changes coming from Tories

Prime Minister Stephen Harper will on Thursday unveil a scaled-down version of the Conservatives' 2011 campaign commitment to allow income-splitting by parents with children younger than 18 once the federal budget is balanced.

Sources tell CBC News that Harper's announcement at a community centre north of Toronto will cap the amount of tax savings at $2,000 per couple.

The change is intended to cut the estimated $2.7 billion cost of the program, without altering the core commitment to allow the parent with the higher income to transfer up to $50,000 in income to the other. And it potentially frees up hundreds of millions of dollars in surplus monies for the Conservatives to spend on other priorities heading into an election year.

There are reports that those priorities could include an expansion of the universal child care benefit, which now pays $100 a month for each child regardless of income. The government has already doubled the children's fitness tax credit.

The prime minister is expected to frame Thursday's announcement as part of the Conservatives' family agenda. The change could also help shield the government from the accusation that the income-splitting measures stand to disproportionately favour richer Canadians.

Wide support among MPs

Cost aside, income-splitting enjoys wide support among Conservative MPs. They saw it as a vote-getter in suburban ridings around Toronto and Vancouver where families with single-income earners are more common.

The plan would lower their overall tax bill by allowing the transferred money to be taxed at a lower rate, with the family pocketing the savings.  The Conservatives also say it will make it financially easier for couples who want one of the parents to stay at home to raise the children.

But critics of the program, including former finance minister Jim Flaherty, argued it would primarily benefit a small minority of the richest Canadians who least need a tax cut.

For example, for a couple in which one spouse earns $60,000 a year and the other earns nothing, the savings would be about $1,400 in federal tax. But for the same couple where the income earner brings home $191,000  which Statistics Canada's 2011 survey identified as the cutoff for the top one per cent of income earners  the savings jump to more than $7,000.

Sources tell CBC News that Harper shared those concerns.

Joe Oliver 20140923

Finance Minister Joe Oliver has previously promised tax cuts for families. (Adrian Wyld/Canadian Press)

But a promise is a promise, so the government will argue Thursday that it is making good on the commitment, beginning immediately. That means couples will see the benefits of the tax savings next spring when they file their 2014 income tax returns.

Finance Minister Joe Oliver will be at Thursday's event at the Schwartz-Reisman Centre in Vaughan, Ont. a suburb north of Toronto.

"The prime minister will be talking tomorrow and we'll find out then,'' Finance Minister Joe Oliver told reporters Wednesday when asked. "And I'll be there with him."

Not for single parents

While the announcement should placate Conservative supporters, it will do nothing to mollify opponents who see it as a form of social engineering. The tax benefit is not available to single parents, and would have little impact on families with two income-earners who bring in roughly the same amount. It also doesn't reflect how many children a family has.

The program will also have an impact on provincial revenues, since their tax systems are based on payable federal tax.

But income-splitting is shaping up as the biggest issue separating the Conservatives from their political opponents.

The New Democrats announced a $15-a-day child-care plan earlier this month as part of an ambitious plan to create or maintain a million affordable daycare spaces across the country.

Liberal Leader Justin Trudeau has already vowed he'd reverse the Conservative policy if his party forms a government.

"It doesn't help the people who need it most and it costs Canadians an awful lot to do. It doesn't make sense," he told CBC News last week.

Conservatives immediately accused Trudeau of planning to increase taxes.


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TransCanada formally applies to NEB for Energy East pipeline approval

TransCanada has officially filed for government approval for the $12 billion Energy East pipeline project with the National Energy Board.

The company has submitted a formal application for the project, which would carry 1.1 million barrels per day of crude oil from Alberta eastward to refineries on Canada's East Coast.

At a press conference at 10:30 a.m. eastern time, numerous company officials and other backers of the project were on hand to lay out why the proposal makes sense.

"Our application outlines how Energy East will be built and operated in a safe and environmentally responsible manner, while generating significant benefits for all Canadians," TransCanada president and CEO Russ Girling said.

The company says it has filed 30,000 pages worth of documents outlining the project which, if completed, will take oil for more than 4,600 kilometres across six Canadian provinces.

Currently, most Canadian oil heads south via various routes for refining and export through U.S. ports. The idea for Energy East is to take Alberta oil to terminals planned for Quebec and New Brunswick, enabling shipments to Europe, India and other destinations while not relying on American infrastructure.

About two-thirds of the pipeline is already essentially in place — the project would involve expanding and extending a series of existing pipelines.

Backers of the project say it will create jobs and economic growth while cementing Canada's status as an energy independent oil superpower. TransCanada claims the project will directly or indirectly create 14,000 jobs, and help create $36 billion worth of economic activity.

But like other superpipelines, including Kinder Morgan, Northern Gateway and TransCanada's own Keystone XL, the project faces opposition from local environmental and native groups who say any such project is an environmental accident waiting to happen.

Others have criticized the project on an economic level, noting that the plan makes less sense with oil hovering at around $80 a barrel — and critics note that repurposing natural gas pipelines into oil pipelines could lead to shortages of gas in Atlantic Canada.

But the company says it's planning to build an additional 250 kilometres of natural-gas pipeline in the region anyway, to more than offset any lost pipeline capacity.

"Converting one of the pipelines in the Canadian Mainline natural gas transmission system to crude oil service will make better use of capacity on the Canadian Mainline that is no longer needed to export natural gas to the United States," the company said.


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Looking for an economic recovery that speaks English: Don Pittis

Written By Unknown on Rabu, 29 Oktober 2014 | 22.40

There's magic in the air. Can you feel it?

Things were supposed to look so much more gloomy today with Federal Reserve chair Janet Yellen expected to end the stimulative effect of quantitative easing.

Instead, there is new evidence that led by the English-speaking countries, or what the Europeans sometimes call the Anglo-Saxon economies, we are seeing a revival of the real economy.

Janet Yellen

Federal Reserve chair Janet Yellen is expected to end the stimulative effect of quantitative easing today. (Michael Dwyer/Associated Press)

All the old grumps are still out there of course, especially the Europeans who are struggling with a currency that is supposed to be one-size-fits-all and isn't.

We haven't heard much about how the English-speaking economies can sync up lately, but I remember going to road shows put on by various investment firms over the years where clever analysts would speak to slides showing why they were smart enough to predict the economic future and thus were the right ones to look after your pile of money.

One of the more common slides was, if you can think back to your high school trigonometry, a set of overlapping sine waves. One represented the English-speaking countries and the other the big European economies, or everyone else.

The point was not that one of the two was better, but that they were travelling on different paths.

Always some doubters

As with every piece of economic analysis, there are high-profile doubters on the other side. But a scan of academic papers shows the phenomenon is recognized, if not trumpeted. 

The Anglo-Saxon economies "have likely fostered similar patterns in the transmission of shocks through what appears to be similar, market-based, financial systems," said this one from 2004. 

Of course, the world is more complicated now, more globalized, with China and Russia and the developing world all playing at the same table.

The links between Canada and the U.S., each the other's largest trading partner, are undisputed.

However, the City of London, as the financial hub of Europe, would seem to be more closely connected to that continent than this one. And Australia and New Zealand? They're in the Asian sphere now, aren't they?

But we are seeing signs of the phenomenon emerging once again.

Last week, Britain was touted by the Financial Times as "one of the fastest-growing economies in the industrial world."

Some bad news, too

This week, a survey by the Association for Financial Professionals showed that U.S. companies are starting to invest their cash piles for the first time since the beginning of the recession.

Here at home, the chief economist at Export Development Canada, Peter Hall, says there are signs that a U.S. recovery is "already translating into solid Canadian export growth."

Why It Matters Energy

Falling oil prices have done something that quantitative easing couldn't: put money in the hands of consumers to spend. (Sue Ogrocki/Associated Press)

The news is not all good, of course. Canadian consumer confidence is down again.

Capital Economics has also issued a report saying the loss of oil income will cut Canadian growth by 0.2 per cent.

But others have pointed out that falling oil prices are doing something that Yellen's quantitative easing never managed: taking money out of the hands of the huge corporations and giving it to consumers to spend.

If oil falls from $100 US to $70 US as Goldman Sachs predicted this week, that will represent a 30 per cent cut in energy bills that consumers and non-oil companies can spend on something else.

Still suspicious

I still enjoy reading the kind of analysis that patiently explains, say, that because bond prices are rising here, the markets are going to decline there. But I remain suspicious.

If economic analysis was such an exact science, would big hedge funds, with the money to buy the very best research, have lost 10 per cent in October and 20 per cent over the year? 

I think part of the answer is that for all the money we pay our economists to do graphs and calculations, the economic world is simply too complex to grasp.

In the meantime, it might be better to look for a simpler reason that the English-language economies are surging together.

And this is revealed by the "R-word index." As reported by The Economist a few years ago, a high frequency of the word "recession" in the media presaged an actual recession.

The term that I have been watching lately is "animal spirits."

Used by our own Bank of Canada governor Stephen Poloz in last week's Monetary Policy Report the term was invented by the economist John Maynard Keynes to describe the mysterious energy that inspires investment decisions and eventually consumer confidence.

Passing from person to person

Rather than something predictable or calculated, it is on the voodoo side of economics where, as Keynes said, "a large proportion of our positive activities depend on spontaneous optimism rather than mathematical expectations."

It is this kind of economic force that can be easily passed on from person to person through language, especially in the age when a London night owl can be reading this very article at the same time as a Hong Kong early riser.

If a new wave of optimism really is spreading in this way, the important thing may not be the facts and figures but the shared story line that we can agree is in the process of pulling us out of gloom and into a renewed surge of animal spirits.

And here is the story I feel is happening.

We have had seven years of gloom and that is enough. Advances in technology have been accumulating but businesses have not had the courage to develop them into new lucrative products.

Instead, money has been bidding up stores of value like property, commodities and shares in old, existing companies.  

Now, with the end of quantitative easing, companies are realizing that waiting for monetary policy to bail them out is no use.

Sticking to the story

As companies change their thinking and begin to invest, stocks will rise not on immediate return but on products in the pipeline.

TSX Board

As companies change their thinking and begin to invest, stocks will rise on products in the pipeline (CBC)

Companies will rush to hire the best talent, then any talent, and put them to good use.

Unemployment will fall, and with the new money circulating in the economy, consumer confidence will rise and people will buy the new wave of products and services being invented.

That's my story. I'm sticking to it. At least until we see this week's GDP figures, or next week's jobs numbers.

But so long as those numbers are at least OK, this story is as good as any other.

And if Keynes was right, the story is important. Like one of those old chain letters, mail this to 10 of your English-speaking friends around the world.

And sometime soon, maybe, you will be rewarded with an economic recovery. 


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Lac-Mégantic: Lisa Raitt announces rail safety rules based on crash findings

New requirements for hand brakes and other safety devices to ensure parked trains stay put are among the changes Transport Canada will enforce in response to the devastating 2013 rail disaster in Lac-Mégantic, Que.

Transport Minister Lisa Raitt announced that her department is recruiting 10 additional inspectors to do more audits and provide more information to municipalities about the rail cargo moving through their communities.

Rail companies found not in compliance will be held accountable, with new monetary penalties for failing to implement adequate safety management systems. 

"Canadians are never going to forget what happened in Lac-Mégantic," Raitt said Wednesday, reflecting on her own visit to the crash site.

"I'll never forget the strength and perseverance of the people who were there. My thoughts and prayers will continue to be with them as they continue to rebuild their community and go through their loss process."

"This past year has been difficult for everyone involved," the minister said, acknowledging the hard work of not only her department but also the town's mayor and other officials.

Lac Megantic Report 20140819

In August, Transport Minister Lisa Raitt said Transport Canada took seriously the Transportation Safety Board's final recommendations on the 2013 train derailment in Lac-Mégantic. (Patrick Doyle/Canadian Press)

Transport Canada is investing in new research on dangerous cargo such as the crude oil that exploded in tanker cars in Lac-Mégantic. A targeted inspection campaign will check how hazardous goods are classified and reported.

Certain railways, including short lines and smaller companies also will now submit employee training plans to Transport Canada for review. An audit blitz is planned to find and remedy specific training gaps at these rail shippers.

Each rail company will have to designate an executive to be held accountable for compliance with federal safety regulations. CN said in a brief statement it will implement the Transport Canada changes, adding that it already "has a robust train securement system" in place.

"Building a safety culture is a shared responsibility," Raitt told reporters. "This tragedy is a case where rules simply were not followed."

The Transportation Safety Board's final report found a "weak safety culture" at the Montreal, Maine and Atlantic railroad, which "did not have a functioning safety management system to manage risks."

The investigator's final recommendations, released in August, fingered a failure of hand brakes to secure the train on the night it rolled away and crashed into the heart of the community's downtown before exploding and killing 47 people.

MMA had gaps in training, employee monitoring and maintenance practices, the final report said.

The TSB report also found that Transport Canada did not audit MMA often and thoroughly enough to ensure safety procedures were being followed.

Raitt's department issued an emergency directive immediately after the crash with new requirements for securing unattended trains. Trains with dangerous cargo were required from that point on to have at least a two-person crew.

The train that crashed in July 2013 had a one-person crew.

Part of Wednesday's announcement was an additional directive implementing minimum requirements for hand brakes and other physical defences, backed up by a ministerial order to ensure the directive becomes permanent.

In April 2014, the government responded to initial recommendations from the TSB by removing the least crash-resistant DOT-111 tanker cars from circulation. At the time, it also required the industry to do more route planning and make sure emergency response plans are in place for the transportation of high-risk hydrocarbons like petroleum products.

Raitt said the new measures announced Wednesday took into account not only the TSB recommendations from the summer, but also the findings of the federal auditor general, the federal commissioner for the environment and sustainable development and the Quebec coroner's office.


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Wage gap is smaller in public sector, especially for minorities, CCPA says

Health Overhaul Immigrants

A government worker on the right helps a taxi driver at the licensing office in Chicago. The wage gap that minorities face is much smaller in the public sector than in the private, the CCPA says. (M. Spencer Green/Associated Press)

A new report says it pays to work in the public sector — especially if you're a minority.

The study by the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives found that overall, full-time wages in public sector jobs are 2.3 per cent higher than those not in the private sector.

But it also found that government workers who are female, Aboriginal, or belong to a visible minority group do much better from a relative wage standpoint than their counterparts at private companies.

For example, it found that university-educated women in the public sector make 18 per cent less their male counterparts, but that gap widens to 27 per cent in the private sector.

Meanwhile, university-educated Aboriginal workers earn 14 per cent less in the public sector than their non-Aboriginal peers, versus 44 per cent less if they were employed in the private sector. And university-educated visible minority workers are paid 12 per cent less in the public sector than their non-visible minority counterparts, but that widens to a 20 per cent gap in the private sector.

The report, titled Narrowing the Gap: The Difference That Public Sector Wages Make, credited several factors for the lower wage discrepancies in the public sector, including pay equity legislation and the fact that government jobs are more likely to be unionized.


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Cameco posts net loss of $146M in Q3, adjusted earnings fall 57%

Key Lake

Cameco's flagship uranium operation is its mill at Key Lake, Sask. (CBC)

Cameco Corp. announced Wednesday it posted a $146-million net loss in the third quarter as revenue fell 57 per cent from a year earlier.

The Saskatoon-based company's adjusted profit was $93 million, or 23 cents per share, which was two cents better than the general estimate of 21 cents per share.

However, revenue for the world's largest uranium producer was down two per cent from a year earlier to $587 million, well below the general estimate of $628 million.

More to come


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Apple Pay not expected in Canada any time soon

While Apple is heralding Apple Pay, its new mobile payment system, as a roaring success, Canadians shouldn't expect to use their newest iPhone to pay for goods any time soon, as It's unlikely the company will be rolling out the service in Canada in the immediate future. 

"Apple has given no indication as to when it will come to Canada or even if," said analyst Troy Crandall, of MacDougall, MacDougall & MacTier. "However, it is logical that it is something they are likely working on for the future. But is Canada one of the main priorities? I would probably say no."

Apple Pay lets users of the newest models of iPhones and iPads pay for purchases through their devices on credit or debit card accounts without having to show their card or account number.

On Monday, during a tech industry conference in California, Apple chief executive Tim Cook said the payment system had more than one million activations in the first three days after it became available, and is now more widely used than any competing payment system.

I think it's the novelty," Crandall said about Apple Pay's success. "Apple's kind of made it a fun way to pay."

Making people part with their money is the most difficult part of the transaction, Crandall said, and "if you can actually make that part fun, that's really powerful. And I think that's what Apple has successfully done. They've made it easy, and they've made it fun."

Contacted by CBC News, a spokeswoman for Apple would not say when or if there were any plans for offering the system into Canada,. She referred to the speech Cook gave on Oct. 14, which made no mention of any plans for Canada.

China probably next target

"I wouldn't say Canada is necessarily a priority," Crandall said, adding that China is probably Apple's next target. Indeed, Jack Ma, executive chairman of the Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba, told the same audience at this week's California tech conference that he would be "very interested" in teaming with Apple to bring Apple Pay to China. 

Canada certainly poses no technological barriers for Apple Pay. The system is based on a near-field communication (NFC) chip, which transfers encrypted data from one device to another. Many Canadian retailers and services already use similar technology with the use of Paypass, which allows users to just tap their debit or credit cards on terminals in order to pay.

The  launch of Apple Pay in Canada will be based partly on how cumbersome it will be to introduce from a regulatory standpoint.

"If it's going to be pretty tough, they'll just probably focus on the easier [countries] first," Crandall said.

Not only would Apple Pay have to comply with Canada's privacy regulations, it would also need the approval of the banks, which are much more conservative than their American counterparts. Since banks issue credit cards and debit cards (which can also be used in Apple Pay), Apple would need to enter into a partnership with the major Canadian banks, as it did with major banks in the U.S. 

Canada better suited for Apple Pay

"There's a good argument to say that Canada is better suited environment for Apple Pay to launch, because we already have these tap-to-pay terminals installed throughout Canada, and we're already using them," said Brian Jackson, editor of ITBusiness.ca. "It's really a deal with the banks that has to be done."

Apple pay Oct 16 2014 announcement

Apple CEO Tim Cook Apple said the payment system had over one million activations in the first three days after it became available, and is now more widely used than any competing payment system. (Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press)

However, Jackson said it's possible that Canadian banks may set up obstacles, wanting to own mobile payments themselves, and create an app that allows Canadians to pay through that avenue.

Earlier this month, Jeff Martin, vice-president and CIO of direct channels technology solutions at TD Group, told a crowd at the Mobile Enterprise Canada Summit that the bank is closely watching the developments of Apple Pay in the U.S, reported IT World Canada.

He predicted that Apply Pay is at least a year away from coming to Canada and noted that U.S. banks and credit card issuers can make money from debit transactions while Canadian financial institutions do not.

"There are a lot of regulatory things they will have to work out," he said. "We have a mobile wallet. We can do what Apple Pay does. You could have done it a few months ago."

Better shopping experience

While Apple has entered partnerships with major U.S. banks and large retail chains including Macy's, Walgreen and McDonald's., critics have noted that Apple Pay isn't accepted by other large chains. Among them are the drugstore chains CVS Caremark and Rite Aid, which belong to a retail coalition working on a rival system.

Michael LeBlanc, senior vice president of digital retail for the Retail Council of Canada, said the organization supports any that makes for a better shopping experience for our customers,

And to the degree it would do that, we broadly support it," he said. 

"The other thing we look for is something that helps our operating costs and ultimately allow us to lower our costs to consumers. To us, Apple Pay seems to be another layer in the payment supply chain versus a competitive payment type." 


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Get ready for $70 oil, Goldman Sachs predicts

Written By Unknown on Selasa, 28 Oktober 2014 | 22.40

One of the world's leading investment banks says the benchmark price of North American oil is going to fall even further, to $70 US a barrel by next spring.

Investment bank Goldman Sachs slashed its forecast late Sunday night for both West Texas Intermediate (known as WTI) and Brent crude — the two most common types of oil used and sold in North America and Europe.

Goldman Sachs says WTI will go for $75 a barrel in the first three months of 2015. Brent, meanwhile, will change hands at $85 a barrel. Both forecasts are down $15 from what the bank was last expecting. And both are forecast to slip even lower in the second quarter — historically a seasonally low time for oil prices — before rebounding a little in the summer of 2015.

If the prediction on WTI proves correct, it will be the lowest price for North American oil since 2010, when crude was on its way higher after cratering during the recession of 2008 and 2009.

Currently, WTI is trading just below $80 US. That's down from more than $100 a barrel as recently as four months ago.

The main reason the bank cited for its call is simple supply and demand — there's just more oil being produced now than the world needs, the bank says.

A boom in shale oil and gas in North America this year and last has drastically increased the amount of oil in circulation. This month, it's expected that the U.S. will pump out more crude oil than Saudi Arabia does — the first time that's been the case since the early 1970s.

Saudi Arabia could traditionally control the price of oil by limiting supply due to its status as the world's largest pumper of crude. Now, there's a conspiracy theory going around in oil circles that the Saudis are quite happy to let the oil price go into freefall long enough to convince new U.S. rivals it's not worth it to develop their resources.

"Goldman is saying a new oil order has arrived where the Saudis have decided to let the short-term oil price be low long enough to curb U.S. production in the shales," is how Judith Dwarkin, Director of Energy Research for ITG Investment Research in Calgary put it.

As one of the cheapest sources of oil in the world, the Saudis can certainly better afford to wait out the current price lull more than most. Projects in Northern Alberta can't afford to have nearly as much patience. "Oilsands are far more sensitive to drops in price," Dwarkin said. "You don't have to go to $75 to be in pain as an oilsands miner."

'The slump in global oil prices couldn't have come at a worse time for Canada.'—Capital Economics

Goldman says the North American oil price will average $73.75 for 2015 as a whole. Last year, the bank predicted the average price of North American oil would be $94.83 this year.

A sustained period of cheap oil would be welcomed by drivers and sectors of Canada's economy most affected by energy costs. But on the whole, it's likely to be bad news for Canada's economy, experts said Monday.

"The slump in global oil prices couldn't have come at a worse time for Canada," Capital Economics said in a note to clients Monday. "For a country that now produces 4.5 million barrels of crude oil per day, the recent decline in prices … represents a loss of $2.5 billion in annual revenue for producers."

That's not to say Canada's oil patch isn't still turning a profit, though the same can't be said of some operations in other countries that have only recently started developing previously unprofitable oil deposits. Capital Economics says oil prices would have to drop a lot further before operations in Canada start selling at a loss, or shutting down.

"World oil prices are expected to remain above the marginal cost of domestic production and, therefore, don't pose a threat to existing oil operations," Capital Economics said.

So, just how low would oil prices have to fall before we see a real slowdown in Canada's oil patch? It's hard to say. "I don't know," Dwarkin said. "It depends how low prices go and how long they stay there."


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Lure of downtown living driving housing market, report suggests

The Canadian Press Posted: Oct 28, 2014 9:34 AM ET Last Updated: Oct 28, 2014 9:34 AM ET

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Twitter stock drops 13% on signs of slowing growth

FILE TWITTER IPO

Twitter now has 284 million active monthly users, but that's still less than a quarter of Facebook's reach. (Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg)

Twitter's third-quarter revenue outpaced expectations, but investors concerned about user growth and holiday-quarter revenue clipped the company's stock price late Monday.

The San Francisco-based company has been trying to increase its user base amid concerns that it doesn't hold mass appeal in the way that the much-larger Facebook does. Its user base grew 23 per cent to 284 million monthly active users in the three months that ended in September, which Forrester Research analyst Nate Elliott said was "better than nothing."

"It's hard to be ecstatic about those numbers when it's still a user base under 300 million people," Elliott said. "It's a social property less than a quarter (of the) size of Facebook."

To appeal to more people, Twitter has tried to make it easier to sign up for and use its service, and it got a boost this summer from promoting itself as a place to follow the World Cup. In July, its stock spiked 30 per cent on the day it reported better-than-expected results and a 24 per cent increase in its monthly user base.

This time, though, the growth apparently wasn't enough. Coupled with lacklustre revenue guidance for the current period, shares were trading hands down 13 per cent lower in premarket trading Tuesday from where they closed on Monday, at $48.56 a share.

To attract more users — and to get them to stay on Twitter longer, the company's main tasks are innovation and giving people new reasons to come back every day, said Elliott.

Recent changes, such as an update on what user profiles look like, shows Twitter is moving in the right direction. But, Elliott pointed out, "the basic experience on Twitter is identical to the basic experience on Twitter 9 years ago." Facebook, even with some notable missteps, has been able to stay ahead by regularly shifting its loo fk andeel to get more people to join its site and stick around longer once they do.

Facebook dwarfs Twitter when it comes to users as well as advertising revenue. According to research firm eMarketer, Twitter accounted for half a per cent of worldwide digital ad revenue in 2013. This is expected to increase to just under 1 per cent this year, as digital ad spending grows to $140.7 billion. In comparison, Facebook is expected to increase its share of the market from 5.8 per cent in 2013 to 8 per cent this year, according to eMarketer.

Twitter Inc. posted a loss of $175 million, or 29 cents per share, in the latest quarter. That compares with a loss of $64.6 million, or 48 cents per share, a year earlier when it was still a private company. Adjusted earnings were 1 cent a share, matching expectations.

Revenue more than doubled to $361 million and beat the $351.5 million expected by analysts, according to FactSet. More than 85 percent of Twitter's total ad revenue came from mobile advertising, and about 80 percent of the its monthly users accessed it on mobile devices.

Twitter went public last November at a price of $26 per share. The stock peaked in December at $74.73 and then declined sharply. On Monday, it closed at $48.56, then fell 7.9 per cent to $44.77 after the results came out.


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Fine art becoming more consumer-friendly

The average consumer who wants to explore the rarefied, exclusive world of fine art may find that arcane market a bit more open and welcoming these days.

For the novice art lover, some galleries — with their sparse, silent spaces, lack of price tags and unwelcoming staff — can be a tad intimidating, says Susannah Rosenstock, director of Canada's biggest modern and contemporary fine art fair.​

"There may be one lovely girl sitting up at the front desk who doesn't want to talk to you. I've had that experience myself. But galleries that are here at an art fair want to talk to you. That's why they're here."

The Art Toronto fair that wrapped up Monday drew 105 galleries from Canada and 12 other countries to the Metro Toronto Convention Centre, where they nearly filled an exhibit hall.

There were hundreds, if not thousands, of works on display, ranging from pieces by up-and-coming artists to the Group of Seven.  

Almost all of it was for sale, and unlike in many galleries, most had price tags clearly visible for all to see.

"They have a lot of information for you. Sometimes the artists are here. They want you to ask questions, they want to tell you why they've selected this art works to hang in their booth at this time," says Rosenstock.

You don't have to be rich

That accessibility seemed to bring in crowds from a broad socioeconomic demographic.

While the show's preview night drew high-profile, power collectors with names like Mirvish or Weston, when the doors opened to the general public, in walked Aaron Kotick, casually dressed in a white T-shirt and blue hoodie.

A.J. Casson, Barns on Bayview, 1930

A.J. Casson's painting Barns on Bayview, 1930 was one of the works available for sale in Peter Priede's booth at Art Toronto. (CBC)

"We've got a big space on our wall in our family room that's blank right now and we're looking at different artists and thought this could be a good place to experience a bunch of different artists," says Kotick. 

Neophyte art aficionados might find the $60,000 price tag for an A.J. Casson in Peter Priede's booth out of reach, but that doesn't mean he caters only to the well-heeled.

"Customers come from all walks of life," says Priede, owner-director of Hazelton Fine Art Galleries in Toronto's tony Yorkville district.

"We get the old school, the new school and the upcoming school. It's a broad perspective, everyone from corporate purchasers, private purchasers, beginners," says Priede.

Catering to first timers

With beginners, Priede says gallery staff will work to help determine their taste in art. 

"Do they like landscape? Do they like traditional work? Do they like contemporary? Do they like abstract?

"If it's a beginning piece, we usually try to bring several pieces to their home or their office. They get to try them on their wall on approval. To make sure the sizes are right, that the imagery is right, that they enjoy the painting — that's the key thing," says Priede.

Alongside several Group of Seven paintings, Priede's booth also featured works by emerging Quebec artist Eric Dupont. One of Dupont's paintings was priced at $3,500.  

Three paintings by Jane Waterous

Colourful, whimsical pieces by Jane Waterous were priced between $5,400 and $10,000. (Shawn Benjamin/CBC)

But the big seller for Priede one day during the fair Nassau-based, Ontario-educated artist Jane Waterous.

Priede sold about half a dozen Waterous paintings — colourful, whimsical pieces priced between $5,400 and $10,000 — in just the first couple hours of the show. 

The accessibility theme continued on the other side of the hall, where less-established galleries had their booths in the "Next" section.  

Artists in the Dopamine Collective, a group of artists from Owen Sound, Ont., have science backgrounds and day jobs: one is a dentist.They use their scientific training to create their art. Works in their booth started at $300. 

"One of the things to consider when you're selling art is who is that audience," says the Collective's James Fowler.  

"We're going to have someone who is your new collector, your young collector, someone who maybe has a little bit of money and has bought maybe one or two pieces and they want to broaden their collection."

It all adds up

It's hard to get a sense of the effect this newly gained access to fine art is having on the overall market.

According to the Canadian Conference of the Arts, total spending on works of art, carvings and other decorative ware was $930 million in 2008. 

Anecdotal evidence suggests that market is growing. The Canada Council for the Arts, for instance, says it has seen a great number of galleries moving to bigger spaces.

The financial crisis in 2008 hit the art market hard, but values have increased since then, to the point where relative novices like Kotick, looking to fill that empty spaces walls, are also looking for a potential return on investment.  

"I'm at that age — mid 30s — where I'm starting to think about it. I've got a bunch of friends who are starting to invest in art. So I'm also looking at it as a bit of an investment as well, something to pass down to my kids," says Kotick.

Most consumers aren't going to get rich investing in art.  

Recent analysis from the Stanford Graduate School of Business suggests the true annual return on art as an asset class over the long term is about 6.5 per cent. That same analysis also found art had higher overall risk than the stock market.

But stock certificates don't look nearly as nice hanging above the couch.

And with galleries welcoming more novice buyers and showcasing more emerging artists with more entry level prices, many of the barriers for buying art are coming down. 

If you have a consumer issue, contact Aaron Saltzman.


5 tips for the first-time buyer

  1. Start small. Don't try to fill that two-metre-by-two-metre space above the TV. Large pieces are likely to be more expensive.
  2. Try starting with a drawing or a photograph or even a limited edition print. They're less expensive and can also help in discovering your taste prior to splurging on an original.
  3. Avoid big names. Look for younger artists who haven't made a name internationally and haven't had many shows. They may be just starting out, and often have lower price points.
  4. Do your homework. Visit lots of museums and galleries and even auctions. This will give you a sense of the type of art you prefer and a broad idea of the cost of that art.
  5. Buy something you really love. It sounds clichéd but it's true.  If the value happens to go down, at least you can still enjoy the way it looks in your room.

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Not served in French, Ottawa couple wins Supreme Court case against Air Canada

The Supreme Court has ruled in favour of an Ottawa couple who sued Air Canada for not adhering to Canadian language laws, but has also decided they are not entitled to any financial compensation.

Michel and Lynda Thibodeau had sued the airline because they say they were not properly served in the French language by flight attendants on a series of half a dozen Air Canada Jazz flights between Toronto, Ottawa and Atlanta in 2009. 

The couple says at no point during various check-ins, while boarding and then during flights, were they offered service in French. One announcement about a change in baggage carousels was only made in English, they said.

As a former Crown corporation, Air Canada and its then-affiliate Jazz are bound by the Official Languages Act to supply bilingual services where there is "significant demand" for them — something other airlines are not.

Lower courts had found in favour of the couple and awarded damages of $12,000. The Thibodeaus were looking for as much as an additional $500,000 in "punitive and exemplary" damages in the case. But Canada's top court ruled Tuesday that while their French-language rights were indeed violated, they do not qualify for monetary damages.

Under Canada's Official Languages Act, remedies for violations must be "appropriate and just in the circumstances." Air Canada has already apologized to the couple for the incident, which the court said was an appropriate response in this case.

Also, since the case involved flights between the U.S. and Canada, it is covered under an international treaty that airlines adhere to known as the Montreal Convention which states that airlines must pay compensation to customers in cases of personal injury, or damage to property — not language rights.

"The claims before this Court fall squarely within the exclusion established by the Montreal Convention," the Supreme Court said in its ruling Tuesday.

So the court struck down a lower court's finding that each of the Thibodeaus was entitled to $6,000 in compensation.

In short, the Supreme Court of Canada said Tuesday the Thibodeaus do indeed have a right to services in French. But if they don't get them, they don't qualify for monetary damages.

Five judges backed the decision, while two dissented. 


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13 European banks flunk central bank's stress test

Written By Unknown on Senin, 27 Oktober 2014 | 22.40

The European Central Bank says 13 of Europe's 130 biggest banks have flunked an in-depth review of their finances and must increase their capital buffers against losses by €10 billion ($12.5 billion US).

The ECB said 25 banks in all were found to need stronger buffers — but that 12 have already made up their shortfall during the months in which the ECB was carrying out its review. The remaining 13 now have two weeks to tell the ECB how they plan to increase their capital buffers.

The ECB checked the worth of banks' holdings and subjected the banks to a stress test that simulates how their finances would fare in an economic downturn.

The exercise is aimed at strengthening the banking system so lenders can provide more credit to companies, boosting the weak European economy. The economy has been plagued both by banks' unwillingness to lend at affordable rates and by weak demand from companies that see no reason to risk borrowing.

ECB Vice-President Vitor Constancio said the stress test and asset check were "quite strict" and that "the results guarantee that going forward the economic recovery will not be hampered by credit supply restrictions."

The 13 banks that fell short included:

  • Greece's Eurobank and National Bank of Greece
  • Cyprus' Hellenic Bank of Cyprus
  • Italy's Monte dei Paschi di Siena, Banca Carige, Banca Popolare di Milano and Banco Popolare di Vicenza.
  • Franco-Belgian Dexia
  • Austria's Oesterreichischer Volksbank Verbund
  • Ireland's Permanent TSB
  • Portugal's Banco Comercial Portugues
  • Slovenia's Nova Ljubljanska Banka and Nova Kreditna Bank Maribor

The bank with the biggest shortfall was Italy's Monte dei Paschi di Siena, which was found to have a capital shortfall of €2.11 billion. Most of the other banks that failed were short amounts less than €1 billion and in several cases less than €200 million.

Eurobank and National Bank of Greece had no or practically no shortfall due to later measurements, while Nova Ljubljanska Banka and Nova Kreditna Banka had no need to raise more capital due to restructuring this year. Dexia is already being restructured with a state guarantee and does not need to raise more capital despite failing.

The asset review and stress tests pave the way for the ECB to take over on Nov. 4 as the Europe's central banking supervisor. The test is supposed to make sure hidden troubles in the system are fixed before landing in the ECB's lap.

The ECB's new role is aimed at strengthening the euro currency union by toughening oversight of banks and keeping their troubles from dumping large losses on national governments' finances through bailouts. The ECB is taking over as supervisor for the biggest banks from national supervisors who were considered to be too likely to take it easy on their home banks and not step in to ward off problems. National supervisors will still look after smaller banks.

The test is also aimed at weeding out so-called zombie banks who are too crippled by hidden losses to make new loans to companies and have stayed in business thanks to tolerance from national supervisors and by rolling over loans that aren't being repaid.

Banks are key to the functioning of the European economy because they are where most firms — especially small and medium-sized ones — go for the credit they need to expand and operate. In the United States, companies turn more often to financial markets by selling bonds to raise money.

Improving the flow of credit is key to getting the European economy out of its stagnation. The 18 countries that use the euro currency showed no growth at all in the second quarter, after four quarters of weak recovery from a crisis over too much government debt.


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Halloween spending set to boom

Zombies

Canadians are expected to pay more for Halloween-related activities this year. (Getty Images)

Halloween holds no fear for retailers.

In fact, rather than spooking the economy, all those little (and sometimes not so little) ghosts and goblins scare up monthly spending on tasty treats that is second only to December and the Christmas season.

And with the day falling on a Friday this year, interest will likely peak as both children and adults go looking for costumes and decorations as well.

Retail consultant John Winter sees Halloween spending growing this year.

"Retail sales are not bad at the moment and anyways the expenditure is not high on any of these items and so I expect it to be more popular than last year," Winter said in an interview.

BMO senior economist Robert Kavcic says a drop in gasoline prices will save consumers a few dollars that will likely translate into higher retail sales leading up to Halloween.

"The recent slide in oil prices should provide a boost to consumer spending away from the gas station," he said.

Statistics Canada said Canadians doled out $381 million on candy, confectionery and snack foods last October, leaving the month second only to the nearly $451 million spent in December.

And the spending doesn't stop there.

Nearly 70 per cent of Canadians plan to celebrate Halloween this year even though one in eight believe it is getting more expensive, according to a poll conducted by digital coupon website RetailMeNot.

About one-third of respondents said they planned to spend more than $50, with spending highest in Alberta and Ontario.

The biggest spenders are adults aged 18 to 34 who expected to fork out $75 on average this year, including $25 on costumes, said the online poll of 1,010 Angus Reid Forum panelists conducted Oct. 1-2.

Nearly half of those surveyed — including 53 per cent of those polled in Quebec and Alberta — said the pressure to have the best candy is prompting people to spend more.

Meanwhile, the survey indicated half of Canadians planned to purchase costumes, with Albertans the biggest buyers and British Columbians the most likely to make their own outfits.

Only about half of respondents planned to give out candy to trick-or-treating children knocking at their doors, while 56 per cent said they would buy candy for themselves. One quarter admitted to having taken sugar loot from a child's stash.

The RetailMeNot survey also found that 32 per cent of respondents planned to attend a party involving alcohol, with spooky costumes being the most popular.

The polling industry's professional body, the Marketing Research and Intelligence Association, says online surveys cannot be assigned a margin of error because they do not randomly sample the population.


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Canadian telecom bundling deals should be easier to understand, watchdog says

The deal seemed so good, it was impossible to pass up.

At least that's what Patrisha D'Croix thought when she received a promotional offer from Bell last December.

D'Croix says she signed up for a 12-month deal which included a cable, internet and telephone package for $91.03 a month. There was no upfront fee and a small one-time installation charge.

"Obviously, I jumped on it," D'Croix told the CBC.

But when the bills started coming in, D'Croix says she quickly realized this was no deal.

"My last bill was for $309. Then I got another one for $412. There's not a single bill here that's $91.03."

D'Croix says she called customer service to try to get the billing problems sorted out. But she said no one could resolve the issue. And those bills kept coming in ... and adding up.

"You can't get anybody. Bell is so huge. I mean it's Bell Media, Bell this, Bell that. There's no way to fight them," she said.

D'Croix says she paid Bell what she thought she owed according to that promotional offer she signed up for. When the bills kept coming, she stopped paying and cancelled her service.

According to D'Croix, Bell then sent her a disconnection notice.

That was back in June. D'Croix says she still gets calls from a collection agency.

Bell Billing History and Disconnection Notice (PDF)
Bell Billing History and Disconnection Notice (Text)

On mobile? Click here to see D'Croix's bill and disconnection notice

Bell turned down our requests for an interview, but did respond with a written statement. It says D'Croix did sign up for the deal, but says she added a lot of extras that ended up costing her a lot more.

D'Croix says she thought it was all part of the deal.

According to Albert Lee from Bell media relations, D'Croix's bills also grew when a termination fee was added.

"A $150 early termination fee was also applied to the account when Ms. D'Croix cancelled her services before the end of her contract term," said Lee.

Bell Statement (PDF)
Bell Statement (Text)

On mobile? Click here to read full statement from Bell Media Relations

More than 12,000 complaints relate to contracts, billing

Howard Maker, Commissioner for Complaints for Telecommunications Services (CCTS) in Canada, works to resolve complaints between consumers and service providers.

Maker says D'Croix's story is all too familiar.

"Her story is like the story of many other Canadians. They signed up for something. They didn't get what they thought they were getting," he said.

Howard Maker, Commissioner for Complaints for Telecommunications Services

As commissioner for complaints for telecommunications services, Howard Maker is calling on telecom companies to make offers easier for consumers to understand. (CBC)

In fact, more than three quarters of the complaints the CCTS receives about Canadian service providers are contract- and billing-related.

That's 12,000 Canadians in the last year alone who believed they were buying one thing, only to find they've signed up for something different.  

And Maker says those who go through the process of filing a complaint represent only a fraction of the number of Canadians having the same problem.

"I think weak service providers can always do better. We see many complaints in which confusion, misinformation about the terms of the arrangement between the service provider and the customer result in the complaint.

"Clearly, there's more work to be done on that front."

Next week, the CCTS will release a detailed list of Canada's most-complained-about service providers. But the independent organization gave us a sneak peak at what it found.

The latest numbers show that of six service providers, the one with the most complaints in the last year is Bell.


2013-2014 percentage of complaints by telecom service provider

Bell Canada: 32.20%

Rogers Communications Inc.: 20.98%

Fido (Rogers): 7.98% 

Virgin Mobile Canada (Bell): 7.19% 

Telus Communications Co.: 5.76%

Wind Mobile: 4.50%

Source: Commissioner for Complaints for Telecommunications Services


"Our advice to customers is to make sure that they fully understand and that they've read whatever information is available and that if they have any questions, that they make sure they ask before the sign on the dotted line," Maker said.

Maker says consumers should first try and resolve the issue through the service provider and make sure to document those conversations.

If there's no resolution, consumers can file a complaint through the CCTS. The organization outlines how to do that on its website: www.ccts-cprst.ca.

The CCTS says it has a track record of resolving almost 90 per cent of complaints it receives. Its service is free.


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Go Public is an investigative news segment on CBC TV, radio and the web.

We tell your stories and hold the powers that be accountable.

We want to hear from people across the country with stories they want to make public.

Submit your story ideas to Kathy Tomlinson at Go Public

Follow @CBCGoPublic on Twitter


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Age of the public apology: How saying sorry has gone pro

(Listen to Josh Bloch's full documentary "I'm Sorry: The Art and Artifice of the Apology" on CBC radio's Ideas, Oct. 27 at 9 p.m.) 

It's Justin Beiber apologizing for using a racial slur, Urban Outfitters saying sorry for its tasteless Kent State sweatshirt, footballer Ray Rice asking forgiveness for clobbering his wife. And don't forget Clinton, Bryant, Weiner, Woods, West, Armstrong, Grant, Gibson, Richards, Vick, Letterman, Prince Harry ... to name a few.

Turn on the news on any given night and there is a fair chance you will be subjected to a philandering politician, bigoted celebrity, or negligent CEO asking for forgiveness.

Public apologies happen with such frequency these days, in fact, that it has created a new profession: Apology consultant.

Urban Outfitters Kent State shirt

Urban Outfitters apologized for releasing this Kent State sweatshirt, saying the red stains were natural discolourations that weren't meant to represent blood, and that the holes were caused by "natural wear and fray." (Urban Outffters Website)

"It is without a question a growth industry," says Chris Lehane, an apology consultant, crisis manager, and author of Masters of Disaster: The Ten Commandments of Damage Control. "There just are so many of these incidents."

Lehane worked as a communications consultant in the White House during U.S. President Bill Clinton's administration and helped navigate the Monica Lewinsky scandal. At that time, he says, public apologies were rare.

Now his phone buzzes incessantly with calls from public figures in crisis.  

"You know it wasn't something that when I was going to college or even law school was on the job chart list," Lehane says about his current line of work. 

But he says that after working for the Clinton Administration, he recognized that there were going to be more and more clients in need of his expertise.

Age of the apology

How did we end up living in the age of the apology?

Things like smart phones, surveillance cameras, Youtube and Twitter have shrunk the sphere of privacy surrounding the lives of public figures. A racist remark uttered at a private event can become a viral video viewed around the world within hours.

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Football player Ray Rice was suspended by the NFL in September after video surfaced allegedly showing him punching his fiancée inside a casino elevator. (Ronald Martinez/Getty Images)

Lehane describes this phenomenon as Marshall McLuhan's Global Village on speed.

"I think we now live in an environment, an ecology, where crisis is effectively the state of nature," says Lehane. "It's not a question of 'if' someone is going to face a challenge, it's only a question of when that happens."

But the rise in the frequency of public apologies is also a function of our society's greater sensitivity to what is considered offensive.

"There was a video a couple years ago of somebody putting a cat in a garbage dump and that went viral," says  Richard Weisman, author of Showing Remorse: Law and the Social Control of Emotion"Suddenly cruelty to animals invoked an incredibly strong response. If you go back 40 or 50 years, you will find very few prosecutions in Canadian law for cruelty to animals and very little expectation that if you are cruel to animals there should be any response whatsoever. Moral communities are constantly evolving in terms of what's acceptable and what's not."

According to Weisman, a moral community is defined by the kinds of acts that require an apology. 

But not all apologies are equal.

Lehane says delivering a successful apology is an art that involves several necessary elements:

  • The apology should be made as soon as possible after the transgression has occurred. 
  • The words "I'm sorry" should appear early in the script.
  • The apology should not include excuses or attempts to throw other people under the bus.
  • The transgressor should commit to some kind of action that will help repair the damage or make sure it does not happen again.

Changing expectations

As an example of an apology well delivered, Lehane points to Michael McCain, CEO of Maple Leaf Foods. He issued a public apology in 2008 when 22 Canadians died after consuming Maple Leaf Food products contaminated with bacteria.

hi-mccain-852-cp-5974695-8col

Maple Leaf Foods CEO Michael McCain was voted 2008 Business Newsmaker of the Year for his handling of the deadly listeriosis outbreak linked to a company plant in Toronto. (Ryan Remiorz/Canadian Press)

"It was done in relatively short order of whence the facts had become available," says Lehane.

"No excuses were offered. It came from the top of the company. It wasn't a lawyer. It wasn't a PR person. This was the person whose name was on the company, which was incredibly important. He made absolutely clear that he, on behalf of the company, was accepting responsibility."

But expectations around apologies are changing as society reaches the saturation point. The public has grown tired of being a spectator of these performances - they want to be participants as well.

Lehane says he thinks public apologies will begin to incorporate some kind of interactive element. This could look something like the "Ask Me Anything" on the popular website Reddit, where questions are answered by high-profile guests in real-time.

Bono and Larry Mullen Jr.

Superstar band U2 was on the hotseat in September after its new album was downloaded to all iTunes users without their permission. (Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP Photo)

"A company facing a particular issue, could it create an online town hall or a crowdsourcing microsite to be able to actually get direct input from their consumers, and that would then inform some decisions they would make going forward?," says Lehane.  

"I think you are going to see more and more of that. I think at some point someone in the near future who is very high profile is going to do something that is the analogue to an Ask Me Anything … At which point that will start to become part of the standard fare for how you are supposed to respond, because it will demonstrate and be clear that you are really wanting to take questions and answer them."

In fact, Lehane's scenario is strikingly similar to how one of the world's latest mass apologies was handled.

Earlier this month U2 responded to widespread complaints about the compulsory download of their latest album, Songs of Innocence, to all of iTunes half-billion subscribers. But rather than issuing a statement, U2 released a Q&A video on their Facebook page where they answered questions posted by their Facebook followers.

One fan wrote, "Can you please never release an album on iTunes that automatically downloads to peoples' playlists ever again. It's really rude." Looking right into the camera Bono replied, "Oops, Sorry about that."

(Listen to Josh Bloch's full documentary "I'm Sorry: The Art and Artifice of the Apology" on CBC radio's Ideas, Oct. 27 at 9 p.m.) 


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